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    <title>Blurt! — Commonplace Book</title>
    <link>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/</link>
    <description>Recent content on Blurt! — Commonplace Book</description>
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    <copyright>© 2019–2026 S. Ben Melhuish</copyright>
    <lastBuildDate>Wed, 28 Dec 2022 20:00:00 -0800</lastBuildDate>
    
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      <title></title>
      <link>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/westward-continental-drift/</link>
      <pubDate>Wed, 28 Dec 2022 20:00:00 -0800</pubDate>
      <guid>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/westward-continental-drift/</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[<p>&ldquo;We have a variety of reference frames tied to the deeper hot spots.  These
exclude the presumed shallow spots which come from the upper mantle.  We can
also create a reference frame from those shallow spots. &hellip; Now all plates are
moving west!  Even Europe, which other frames bring to a halt, is now taking
part.&rdquo;</p>
 (Albert Zijlstra, <a href="https://www.volcanocafe.org/westward-drift/">Westward drift</a>, <cite>Volcano Café</cite>, September 25, 2022) <a href="https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/westward-continental-drift/">&infin;</a>]]></description>
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      <title></title>
      <link>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/ankylosaur-clubs/</link>
      <pubDate>Tue, 27 Dec 2022 20:37:15 -0800</pubDate>
      <guid>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/ankylosaur-clubs/</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[<p>&ldquo;Zuul&rsquo;s back and flanks are covered in various spikes and bony structures called
osteoderms.  Just as [Dr. Victoria] Arbour predicted, there is evidence of
broken and injured osteoderms on both sides of the flanks, some of which appear
to have healed.&rdquo;</p>
 (Jeanne Timmons, <a href="https://arstechnica.com/science/2022/12/ankylosaurs-tails-may-have-been-the-original-cretaceous-fight-clubs/">New find suggests ankylosaurs' tail clubs were for bashing each other</a>, <cite>Ars Technica</cite>, December 6, 2022) <a href="https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/ankylosaur-clubs/">&infin;</a>]]></description>
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      <title></title>
      <link>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/uzhe/</link>
      <pubDate>Mon, 26 Dec 2022 20:00:00 -0800</pubDate>
      <guid>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/uzhe/</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[<p>&ldquo;Respondents explained that they found spellings with <em>u</em> to be less confusing
because that spelling kept the initial letter in common with <em>usual</em> &mdash; as long
as a silent <em>e</em> was there at the end to cue the pronunciation of the <em>u</em> away
from the sound in <em>untie</em>.  I find this resolution elegant in its clunkiness:
Solving the problem of two unwritten sounds by writing a further, unpronounced
letter is a truly Englishy solution.&rdquo;</p>
 (Gretchen McCulloch, <a href="https://www.theatlantic.com/science/archive/2022/12/linguistics-english-language-evolution-usual/672384/">Only English Would Try to Shorten a Word This Way</a>, <cite>The Atlantic</cite>, December 7, 2022) <a href="https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/uzhe/">&infin;</a>]]></description>
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      <title></title>
      <link>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/covid-vaccination-effects/</link>
      <pubDate>Sat, 24 Dec 2022 20:00:00 -0800</pubDate>
      <guid>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/covid-vaccination-effects/</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[<p>&ldquo;[T]he modeling estimated that <abbr class="caps">COVID</abbr>-19 vaccination [in the
United States] prevented 3.25 million deaths&hellip;.  Averted hospitalizations
were estimated at 18.6 million&hellip;.  For infections, the model estimated a
dodge of 119.85 million.&rdquo;</p>
 (Beth Mole, <a href="https://arstechnica.com/science/2022/12/us-covid-death-toll-would-be-4x-higher-without-vaccines-modeling-study-finds/">US COVID death toll would be 4× higher without vaccines, modeling study finds</a>, <cite>Ars Technica</cite>, December 13, 2022) <a href="https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/covid-vaccination-effects/">&infin;</a>]]></description>
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      <title></title>
      <link>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/urban-birds/</link>
      <pubDate>Fri, 23 Dec 2022 20:00:00 -0800</pubDate>
      <guid>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/urban-birds/</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[<p>&ldquo;No longer needing to sing at high frequencies that could be heard over the
highway&rsquo;s rumble, the sparrows’ songs became more expansive, occupying more of
the soundscape&rsquo;s &lsquo;acoustic bandwidth.&rsquo;  Even those with quiet voices became
audible; in those first months, &lsquo;you could hear four times as many birds as you
could before,&rsquo; says [Professor Elizabeth] Derryberry.&rdquo;</p>
 (Shoshi Parks, <a href="https://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/bird-songs-changed-pandemic">Why Birds Changed Their Tune During the Pandemic</a>, <cite>Atlas Obscura</cite>, September 2, 2022) <a href="https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/urban-birds/">&infin;</a>]]></description>
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      <title></title>
      <link>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/laser-fusion/</link>
      <pubDate>Thu, 22 Dec 2022 20:00:00 -0800</pubDate>
      <guid>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/laser-fusion/</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[<p>&ldquo;[T]here&rsquo;s the uncomfortable fact that producing the 2 megajoules of laser
power that started the fusion reaction took about 300 megajoules of grid
power, so the overall process is nowhere near the break-even point. &hellip; [W]e&rsquo;re
still left with major questions about whether laser-driven fusion can be
optimized enough to be useful.&rdquo;</p>
 (John Timmer, <a href="https://arstechnica.com/science/2022/12/what-enabled-the-big-boost-in-fusion-energy-announced-this-week/">What enabled the big boost in fusion energy announced this week?</a>, <cite>Ars Technica</cite>, December 13, 2022) <a href="https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/laser-fusion/">&infin;</a>]]></description>
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      <title></title>
      <link>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/next-explorations/</link>
      <pubDate>Wed, 21 Dec 2022 20:00:00 -0800</pubDate>
      <guid>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/next-explorations/</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[<p>&ldquo;I am 100% convinced there are inter­esting new &lsquo;ways of relating&rsquo; waiting on
these overlay networks, these pocket internets.  They might require
config­u­ra­tions beyond what&rsquo;s currently supported, but these compa­nies are
suffi­ciently young and flex­ible that, presented with a compelling idea, I get
the sense they&rsquo;d just &hellip; implement it!  Maybe you should set up a ZeroTier or
Tailscale network with a few friends or collab­o­ra­tors and &hellip; see what happens?&rdquo;</p>
 (Robin Sloan, <a href="https://www.robinsloan.com/lab/new-avenues/">A year of new avenues</a>, December 2022) <a href="https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/next-explorations/">&infin;</a>]]></description>
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      <title></title>
      <link>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/water-world/</link>
      <pubDate>Tue, 20 Dec 2022 20:00:00 -0800</pubDate>
      <guid>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/water-world/</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[<p>&ldquo;Matching the density of the two planets produces a model that has a bit over
10 percent of the planet&rsquo;s mass composed of water.  This, however, means
that about half the planet&rsquo;s volume is water. &hellip; Due to the planet&rsquo;s mass, the
pressure of the atmosphere would be immense and could create a layer of
supercritical water between the atmosphere and the ocean.&rdquo;</p>
 (John Timmer, <a href="https://arstechnica.com/science/2022/12/scientists-revisit-kepler-findings-learn-two-planets-are-water-worlds/">Scientists may have found the first water worlds</a>, <cite>Ars Technica</cite>, December 15, 2022) <a href="https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/water-world/">&infin;</a>]]></description>
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      <title></title>
      <link>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/parentified-children/</link>
      <pubDate>Mon, 19 Dec 2022 20:00:00 -0800</pubDate>
      <guid>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/parentified-children/</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[<p>&ldquo;As a consequence of always tending to others, very little space is left for the
child to know or express her own needs.  The only legitimate needs seem to be
those of others.  Expressing her own needs is met with frustration, anger or
other parental emotions that link her needs with fear and shame.&rdquo;</p>
 (Nivida Chandra, <a href="https://aeon.co/essays/how-can-adults-undo-the-harm-of-being-parentified-as-children">The parentified child</a>, <cite>Aeon</cite>, March 4, 2022) <a href="https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/parentified-children/">&infin;</a>]]></description>
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      <title></title>
      <link>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/liberica-coffee/</link>
      <pubDate>Sun, 18 Dec 2022 20:00:00 -0800</pubDate>
      <guid>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/liberica-coffee/</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[<p>&ldquo;[T]he coffee it makes is good. &hellip; That grown in South Sudan had ‘notes of
raspberry coulis, figs, plums, and milk chocolate.’  It has comparable caffeine
levels to Arabica, so can be an appropriate substitute as growing conditions for
Arabica continue to decline.&rdquo;</p>
 (Diana Gitig, <a href="https://arstechnica.com/science/2022/12/your-next-pour-over-may-be-liberica-or-excelsa/">Your next pour-over may be Liberica or excelsa</a>, <cite>Ars Technica</cite>, December 15, 2022) <a href="https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/liberica-coffee/">&infin;</a>]]></description>
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      <title></title>
      <link>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/work-spyware/</link>
      <pubDate>Sat, 17 Dec 2022 15:19:03 -0800</pubDate>
      <guid>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/work-spyware/</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[<p>&ldquo;Ironically, the <em>Times</em> reports that Crossover&rsquo;s own employees so resented the
company&rsquo;s intrusive monitoring of them (as they created and sold intrusive
monitoring tools) that Crossover hemorrhaged employees and struggled to hire
replacements.  Eventually, Crossover had to turn off its most intrusive features
so that it could keep the employees needed to make and sell its bossware
product.&rdquo;</p>
 (Cory Doctorow, <a href="https://pluralistic.net/2022/08/21/great-taylors-ghost/">The Shitty Technology Adoption Curve Reaches Apogee</a>, August 21, 2022) <a href="https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/work-spyware/">&infin;</a>]]></description>
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      <title></title>
      <link>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/twitter-failure/</link>
      <pubDate>Wed, 07 Dec 2022 20:28:28 -0800</pubDate>
      <guid>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/twitter-failure/</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[<p>&ldquo;They didn’t give a shit about journalism; they just wanted prime real estate
that they could develop.  And news organizations had it in the form of buildings
in the middle of town.  So financiers squeezed the news orgs until there was no
money to be squeezed and then they hung them out to dry.&rdquo;</p>
 (danah boyd, <a href="https://zephoria.medium.com/what-if-failure-is-the-plan-2f219ea1cd62">What if failure is the plan?</a>, December 5, 2022) <a href="https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/twitter-failure/">&infin;</a>]]></description>
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      <title></title>
      <link>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/wolf-parasites/</link>
      <pubDate>Mon, 05 Dec 2022 20:00:00 -0800</pubDate>
      <guid>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/wolf-parasites/</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[<p>&ldquo;Wolves with antibodies against [<em>Toxoplasma gondii</em>] were significantly more
likely to disperse (leave their packs and set out on their own) and to become
pack leaders.  Pursuing both of these courses of action constitutes aggressive
and risky wolf behavior.&rdquo;</p>
 (Diana Gitig, <a href="https://arstechnica.com/science/2022/11/what-makes-a-leader-in-yellowstones-wolves-its-parasitic-infections/">Behavior-changing parasite moves wolves to the head of the pack</a>, <cite>Ars Technica</cite>, November 29, 2022) <a href="https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/wolf-parasites/">&infin;</a>]]></description>
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      <title></title>
      <link>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/gas-leak-dark-ships/</link>
      <pubDate>Sun, 04 Dec 2022 20:00:00 -0800</pubDate>
      <guid>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/gas-leak-dark-ships/</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[<p>&ldquo;SpaceKnow detected 25 ships passing through the region&hellip;.  In total, 23 of
these vessels had their automatic identification system
(<abbr class="caps">AIS</abbr>) transponders turned on.  Two did not have
<abbr class="caps">AIS</abbr> data turned on, and these ships passed the area during
the days immediately ahead of the leaks being detected.&rdquo;</p>
 (Matt Burgess, <a href="https://www.wired.com/story/nord-stream-pipeline-explosion-dark-ships/">&ldquo;Dark Ships&rdquo; Emerge From the Shadows of the Nord Stream Mystery</a>, <cite>Wired</cite>, November 11, 2022) <a href="https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/gas-leak-dark-ships/">&infin;</a>]]></description>
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      <title></title>
      <link>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/ai-diplomacy/</link>
      <pubDate>Sat, 03 Dec 2022 20:00:00 -0800</pubDate>
      <guid>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/ai-diplomacy/</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[<p>&ldquo;Over time, it became a master at [<em>Diplomacy</em>], reportedly achieving &lsquo;more than
double the average score&rsquo; of human players and ranking in the top
10 percent of people who played more than one game.&rdquo;</p>
<p>(<a href="https://waxy.org/2022/11/meta-made-an-ai-that-can-beat-diplomacy/">Andy Baio
adds</a>
&ldquo;building extremely persuasive <abbr class="caps">AI</abbr>s that are more effective
negotiators than humans, what could go wrong&rdquo;.)</p>
 (Benj Edwards, <a href="https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2022/11/meta-researchers-create-ai-that-masters-diplomacy-tricking-human-players/">Meta researchers create AI that masters <em>Diplomacy</em>, tricking human players</a>, <cite>Ars Technica</cite>, November 22, 2022) <a href="https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/ai-diplomacy/">&infin;</a>]]></description>
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      <title></title>
      <link>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/japanese-web-design/</link>
      <pubDate>Fri, 02 Dec 2022 20:00:00 -0800</pubDate>
      <guid>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/japanese-web-design/</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[<p>&ldquo;[W]hile the rest of the world’s smart phone adoption began with the iPhone,
Japan was years ahead &mdash; but alone.  The result was that Japan’s smart phone
culture evolved separately from the rest of the world.  There was less emphasis
on large pictures and text was more acceptable since it had been the norm since
the early days.&rdquo;</p>
 (Sabrina Cruz, <a href="https://sabrinas.space">The peculiar case of Japanese web design</a>, November 26, 2022) <a href="https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/japanese-web-design/">&infin;</a>]]></description>
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      <title></title>
      <link>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/weak-coffee/</link>
      <pubDate>Thu, 01 Dec 2022 20:00:00 -0800</pubDate>
      <guid>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/weak-coffee/</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[<p>&ldquo;In the Hopi language <em>surukaphe</em> means ‘tail coffee’, or coffee watered down to
make it go further.  In Brazilian Portuguese slang, <em>chafé</em> means ‘bad coffee’,
a blend of the words for ‘tea’ and ‘coffee’.  Then there’s <em>cholo</em> in Louisiana
French, from <em>chaud-l’eau</em>, or ‘hot water’.&rdquo;</p>
 (<a href="https://www.waywordradio.org/names-for-weak-coffee/">I Dub Thee &ldquo;Weak Coffee&rdquo;</a>, <cite>A Way with Words</cite>, November 14, 2022) <a href="https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/weak-coffee/">&infin;</a>]]></description>
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      <title></title>
      <link>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/police-surveillance/</link>
      <pubDate>Wed, 30 Nov 2022 20:00:00 -0800</pubDate>
      <guid>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/police-surveillance/</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[<p>&ldquo;Police can use Fog Reveal to geofence entire buildings or street blocks—like
the area surrounding an abortion clinic—and get information on devices used
within and surrounding those buildings to identify suspects. &hellip; [A]bortion data
surveillance via Fog Reveal could seemingly be conducted without warrants and
without any legal oversight.&rdquo;</p>
 (Ashley Belanger, <a href="https://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2022/11/sneaky-ways-cops-could-access-data-to-widely-prosecute-abortions-in-the-us/">Sneaky ways cops could access data to widely prosecute abortions in the US</a>, <cite>Ars Technica</cite>, November 23, 2022) <a href="https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/police-surveillance/">&infin;</a>]]></description>
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      <title></title>
      <link>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/dhs-sucks/</link>
      <pubDate>Tue, 29 Nov 2022 20:00:00 -0800</pubDate>
      <guid>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/dhs-sucks/</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[<p>&ldquo;George W. Bush didn’t originally want to create the Department of Homeland
Security; he was persuaded into doing so by Democrats, who were themselves
mostly grasping for an opportunity to score political points.  Almost no one
pushed for a new department because they thought it was a good idea.&rdquo;</p>
 (Amanda Chicago Lewis, <a href="https://www.theverge.com/c/23374767/dhs-homeland-security-bureaucracy-20-years">The 20-Year Boondoggle</a>, <cite>The Verge</cite>, November 16, 2022) <a href="https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/dhs-sucks/">&infin;</a>]]></description>
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      <title></title>
      <link>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/black-hole-dynamical-capture/</link>
      <pubDate>Mon, 28 Nov 2022 20:00:00 -0800</pubDate>
      <guid>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/black-hole-dynamical-capture/</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[<p>&ldquo;[A] team of European researchers decided to model an event that should be
relatively uncommon:  the two black holes didn&rsquo;t start out in a mutual orbit but
happened to pass close enough to gravitationally latch onto each other. &hellip; The
models that produced a chirp that best matched the <abbr class="caps">GW190521</abbr>
signal saw a single pass that drew the black holes closer, followed by a single
rapid curve into the collision.&rdquo;</p>
 (John Timmer, <a href="https://arstechnica.com/science/2022/11/strange-black-hole-merger-may-have-been-a-rare-random-encounter/">Strange black hole merger may have been a rare random encounter</a>, <cite>Ars Technica</cite>, November 17, 2022) <a href="https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/black-hole-dynamical-capture/">&infin;</a>]]></description>
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      <title></title>
      <link>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/spider-memory/</link>
      <pubDate>Sun, 27 Nov 2022 20:00:00 -0800</pubDate>
      <guid>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/spider-memory/</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[<p>&ldquo;The spiders searched the part of the web where the cricket had been—the sheet
or the lines—which indicated a memory of prey location.  And when Sergi stole
prey from the gumfooted lines, the spiders made more searches for prey that was
especially large relative to themselves.&rdquo;</p>
 (Max G. Levy, <a href="https://www.wired.com/story/sorry-prey-black-widows-have-surprisingly-good-memory/">Sorry, Prey. Black Widows Have Surprisingly Good Memory</a>, <cite>Wired</cite>, October 31, 2022) <a href="https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/spider-memory/">&infin;</a>]]></description>
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      <title></title>
      <link>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/throwing-octopuses/</link>
      <pubDate>Sat, 26 Nov 2022 20:00:00 -0800</pubDate>
      <guid>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/throwing-octopuses/</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[<p>&ldquo;[O]ctopuses can alter the coloration of their skin, with darker colors
typically being indicative of aggression.  The authors found that octopuses with
dark coloration threw debris more forcefully and were more likely to hit another
octopus.&rdquo;</p>
 (Jennifer Ouellette, <a href="https://arstechnica.com/science/2022/11/take-that-octopuses-caught-on-camera-vigorously-throwing-debris-at-each-other/">Take that! Octopuses caught on camera vigorously throwing debris at each other</a>, <cite>Ars Technica</cite>, November 10, 2022) <a href="https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/throwing-octopuses/">&infin;</a>]]></description>
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      <title></title>
      <link>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/noisy-bird-environments/</link>
      <pubDate>Fri, 25 Nov 2022 20:00:00 -0800</pubDate>
      <guid>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/noisy-bird-environments/</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[<p>&ldquo;They also found that, in general, the size of the birds’ repertoire decreased
as anthropogenic noise increased, especially when the birds were exposed to
levels of anthropogenic noise that were above the usual noise to which they were
accustomed.&rdquo;</p>
 (Alejandro Portilla Navarro, <a href="https://knowablemagazine.org/article/food-environment/2022/city-birds-are-changing-their-tune">City birds are changing their tune</a>, <cite>Knowable Magazine</cite>, November 14, 2022) <a href="https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/noisy-bird-environments/">&infin;</a>]]></description>
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      <title></title>
      <link>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/lensed-supernova/</link>
      <pubDate>Thu, 24 Nov 2022 20:00:00 -0800</pubDate>
      <guid>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/lensed-supernova/</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[<p>&ldquo;[T]he earliest image indicates that it was roughly 100,000 Kelvin, which
suggests we were looking at it just six hours after it exploded.  The latest
lensed image shows that the debris had already cooled to 10,000 K over the
eight days between the two different images.&rdquo;</p>
 (John Timmer, <a href="https://arstechnica.com/science/2022/11/single-hubble-image-captured-supernova-at-three-different-times/">Single Hubble image captured supernova at three different times</a>, <cite>Ars Technica</cite>, November 10, 2022) <a href="https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/lensed-supernova/">&infin;</a>]]></description>
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      <title></title>
      <link>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/comb-writing/</link>
      <pubDate>Wed, 23 Nov 2022 20:00:00 -0800</pubDate>
      <guid>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/comb-writing/</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[<p>&ldquo;Translated, the inscription reads, &lsquo;May this tusk root out the lice of the hair
and the beard.&rsquo; &hellip; This purpose was confirmed when the authors searched for
evidence of head lice on the comb under a microscope and found some remains on
the second tooth, still in the nymph stage of development.&rdquo;</p>
<p>(See also <a href="https://languagehat.com/a-canaanites-wish-to-eradicate-lice/">the discussion at <em>Language
Hat</em></a>.)</p>
 (Jennifer Ouellette, <a href="https://arstechnica.com/science/2022/11/ancient-wisdom-oldest-full-sentence-in-first-alphabet-is-about-head-lice/">Ancient wisdom: Oldest full sentence in first alphabet is about head lice</a>, <cite>Ars Technica</cite>, November 9, 2022) <a href="https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/comb-writing/">&infin;</a>]]></description>
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    <item>
      <title></title>
      <link>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/otzi-thawed/</link>
      <pubDate>Tue, 22 Nov 2022 20:00:00 -0800</pubDate>
      <guid>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/otzi-thawed/</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[<p>&ldquo;Over the next 1,500 years, during especially hot summers, the remains and
artifacts were partially exposed, which explains the deterioration of the most
exposed parts of the body and additional damage to the artifacts.  Eventually,
around 3,800 years ago, snow and ice finally sealed off the gully until the
discovery of the mummified remains in 1991.&rdquo;</p>
<p>(Ötzi was a recurring interest of my old @sben_links account on Twitter, the
predecessor to this microblog.  If I had completed <a href="https://pile.org/e5/">my long walk in
2017</a>, I would have passed through the next valley east
from where he was found, and would have certainly stopped by <a href="http://www.iceman.it/en/">his
museum</a> when the trail passed through Bolzano.)</p>
 (Jennifer Ouellette, <a href="https://arstechnica.com/science/2022/11/study-otzi-the-iceman-probably-thawed-and-refroze-several-times/">Study: Ötzi the Iceman probably thawed and refroze several times</a>, <cite>Ars Technica</cite>, November 15, 2022) <a href="https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/otzi-thawed/">&infin;</a>]]></description>
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    <item>
      <title></title>
      <link>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/clueless-rich/</link>
      <pubDate>Mon, 21 Nov 2022 20:00:00 -0800</pubDate>
      <guid>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/clueless-rich/</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[<p>&ldquo;For all the grandiose talk about The Light Of Consciousness and The Future Of
Humanity that has come out of Silicon Valley during its ascent, what it has
delivered has mostly been spectacularly useless, lifeless, and anti-human.  In
this sense, it reflects its owners perfectly.&rdquo;</p>
 (David Roth, <a href="https://defector.com/everything-is-silicon-valley-now/">Everything Is Silicon Valley Now</a>, <cite>Defector</cite>, November 14, 2022) <a href="https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/clueless-rich/">&infin;</a>]]></description>
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    <item>
      <title></title>
      <link>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/educable/</link>
      <pubDate>Sun, 20 Nov 2022 20:00:00 -0800</pubDate>
      <guid>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/educable/</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[<p>&ldquo;Today’s America has seen decades of the intentional conservative-led starving
and squeezing of public education &hellip; and also the devastation of newspapers,
journalism, and a vast misinformation campaign.  All this adds up to preventing
many who are educable from becoming educated.  Thomas Paine, and those I’m using
him to represent, would recognize this as a sabotage of their system.&rdquo;</p>
 (Ada Palmer, <a href="https://www.exurbe.com/educable/">All People Are Created Educable, a Vital Oft-Forgotten Tenet of Modern Democracy</a>, November 14, 2022) <a href="https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/educable/">&infin;</a>]]></description>
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    <item>
      <title></title>
      <link>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/corpus-ethics/</link>
      <pubDate>Sat, 19 Nov 2022 20:00:00 -0800</pubDate>
      <guid>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/corpus-ethics/</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[<p>&ldquo;Ogbogu wasn’t familiar with Hollie Mengert’s work at all.  He was helping
another Stable Diffusion user on Reddit who was struggling to fine-tune a model
on Hollie’s work and getting lackluster results.  He refined the image training
set, got to work, and published the results the following day.  He told me the
training process took about 2.5 hours on a <abbr class="caps">GPU</abbr> at Vast.ai,
and cost less than $2.&rdquo;</p>
 (Andy Baio, <a href="https://waxy.org/2022/11/invasive-diffusion-how-one-unwilling-illustrator-found-herself-turned-into-an-ai-model/">Invasive Diffusion: How one unwilling illustrator found herself turned into an AI model</a>, November 1, 2022) <a href="https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/corpus-ethics/">&infin;</a>]]></description>
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    <item>
      <title></title>
      <link>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/reionization/</link>
      <pubDate>Fri, 18 Nov 2022 20:00:00 -0800</pubDate>
      <guid>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/reionization/</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[<p>&ldquo;Bubbles of hydrogen-ripping galaxy light began to grow, carving holes in the
cold, quiet bulk of the intergalactic gas.  Over a billion years, the bubbles
filled the cosmos and nearly every hydrogen atom was torn in two, leaving
protons and electrons to wander the Universe separately again.&rdquo;</p>
 (Katie Mack, <a href="https://www.sciencefocus.com/news/the-light-from-the-beginning-of-the-universe-didnt-last/">How the first stars split the Universe apart</a>, <cite>BBC Science Focus</cite>, October 10, 2022) <a href="https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/reionization/">&infin;</a>]]></description>
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    <item>
      <title></title>
      <link>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/rare-earth-extraction/</link>
      <pubDate>Thu, 17 Nov 2022 20:00:00 -0800</pubDate>
      <guid>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/rare-earth-extraction/</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[<p>&ldquo;Here, rare earth extraction cleared 90 percent efficiency, taking
67 hours to get there.  By contrast, leaching didn&rsquo;t max out until
130 hours after extraction started, and its maximum efficiency was only
60 percent.  Again, the extraction that used electricity had fewer
contaminating metals.&rdquo;</p>
 (John Timmer, <a href="https://arstechnica.com/science/2022/11/toxic-cleanup-technique-can-get-more-rare-earth-metals-out-of-ores/">Toxic cleanup technique can get more rare earth metals out of ores</a>, <cite>Ars Technica</cite>, November 3, 2022) <a href="https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/rare-earth-extraction/">&infin;</a>]]></description>
    </item>
    
    <item>
      <title></title>
      <link>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/twitter-to-mastodon/</link>
      <pubDate>Wed, 16 Nov 2022 20:00:00 -0800</pubDate>
      <guid>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/twitter-to-mastodon/</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[<p>&ldquo;Twitter encourages a very extractive attitude from everyone it touches.  The
people re-publishing my Mastodon posts on Twitter didn&rsquo;t think to ask whether I
was ok with them doing that.  The librarians wondering loudly about how this
‘new’ social media environment could be systematically archived didn&rsquo;t ask
anyone whether they <em>want</em> their fediverse posts to be captured and stored by
government institutions.&rdquo;</p>
 (Hugh Rundle, <a href="https://www.hughrundle.net/home-invasion/">Home invasion</a>, November 8, 2022) <a href="https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/twitter-to-mastodon/">&infin;</a>]]></description>
    </item>
    
    <item>
      <title></title>
      <link>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/covid-holidays/</link>
      <pubDate>Tue, 15 Nov 2022 20:00:00 -0800</pubDate>
      <guid>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/covid-holidays/</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[<p>&ldquo;[M]y professional bias influences my priorities:  Ensure the vulnerable around
us (like grandparents) do not end up in the hospital with
<abbr class="caps">COVID-19</abbr> (or flu or
<abbr title="respiratory syncytial virus" class="caps">RSV</abbr>).  This means we are
going to do everything in our power to break transmission chains before
gathering for the holidays.&rdquo;</p>
 (Katelyn Jetelina, <a href="https://yourlocalepidemiologist.substack.com/p/thinking-through-the-holidays-this">Thinking through the holidays this year</a>, <cite>Your Local Epidemiologist</cite>, November 3, 2022) <a href="https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/covid-holidays/">&infin;</a>]]></description>
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    <item>
      <title></title>
      <link>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/embassy-air-monitors/</link>
      <pubDate>Sun, 13 Nov 2022 20:00:00 -0800</pubDate>
      <guid>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/embassy-air-monitors/</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[<p>&ldquo;The cities that had a <abbr class="caps">US</abbr> embassy that set up one of these
monitors and tweeted out air-quality data saw a decrease of
<abbr title="particulate matter, 2.5 microns" class="caps">PM2.5</abbr> particulates to the
tune of 2 to 4 micrograms per cubic meter—compared to their air
quality before getting the monitor and to other similar cities that do not have
a monitor.&rdquo;</p>
 (Doug Johnson, <a href="https://arstechnica.com/science/2022/10/us-embassies-may-have-accidentally-improved-air-quality/">US embassies may have accidentally improved air quality</a>, <cite>Ars Technica</cite>, October 28, 2022) <a href="https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/embassy-air-monitors/">&infin;</a>]]></description>
    </item>
    
    <item>
      <title></title>
      <link>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/mars-impacts/</link>
      <pubDate>Sat, 12 Nov 2022 20:00:00 -0800</pubDate>
      <guid>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/mars-impacts/</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[<p>&ldquo;Knowing that these two impacts generated events allowed for a direct comparison
between the estimates and the impact location.  And it turns out the estimates
are quite good. One event was estimated at 3,530 ± 360 km away,
and it turned out to be 3,460 km from the lander, a difference of just
70 km.&rdquo;</p>
 (John Timmer, <a href="https://arstechnica.com/science/2022/10/insight-and-mars-orbiter-use-impacts-to-give-new-info-on-mars-interior/">Big impacts picked up by seismograph on Mars</a>, <cite>Ars Technica</cite>, October 27, 2022) <a href="https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/mars-impacts/">&infin;</a>]]></description>
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    <item>
      <title></title>
      <link>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/proxies/</link>
      <pubDate>Fri, 11 Nov 2022 20:00:00 -0800</pubDate>
      <guid>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/proxies/</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[<p>&ldquo;Kodak slowly began to fix this bias in its film, but not out of any sense of
racial injustice:  it was a response to complaints from furniture makers and
chocolate sellers that Kodak cameras couldn’t properly capture their products’
hues.&rdquo;</p>
 (James Vincent, <a href="https://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v44/n20/james-vincent/keep-it-clean">Keep It Clean</a>, <cite>London Review of Books</cite>, October 20, 2022) <a href="https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/proxies/">&infin;</a>]]></description>
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    <item>
      <title></title>
      <link>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/apple-ads/</link>
      <pubDate>Wed, 09 Nov 2022 20:00:00 -0800</pubDate>
      <guid>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/apple-ads/</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[<p>&ldquo;It feels like a bait and switch:  my loyalty in buying products that are better
for me as a user is being tested because shareholders need to see more services
revenue. &hellip; [I]t will feel a little bit scummier every time I go to download an
app or get directions.&rdquo;</p>
 (Nick Heer, <a href="https://pxlnv.com/blog/ad-store/">The Ad Store</a>, <cite>Pixel Envy</cite>, October 26, 2022) <a href="https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/apple-ads/">&infin;</a>]]></description>
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    <item>
      <title></title>
      <link>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/sorting-legos/</link>
      <pubDate>Tue, 08 Nov 2022 20:00:00 -0800</pubDate>
      <guid>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/sorting-legos/</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[<p>&ldquo;As you become familiar with common <abbr class="caps">LEGO</abbr> parts, you should
try sorting them into categories based on their type.  A good place to start
would be to separate ‘Bricks’, ‘Plates’, and ‘Other’ <abbr class="caps">LEGO</abbr>
parts into three different containers.&rdquo;</p>
 (Tom Alphin, <a href="https://brickarchitect.com/guide/">The LEGO Storage Guide</a>, <cite>Brick Architect</cite>, September 3, 2020) <a href="https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/sorting-legos/">&infin;</a>]]></description>
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    <item>
      <title></title>
      <link>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/hong-kong/</link>
      <pubDate>Mon, 07 Nov 2022 20:00:00 -0800</pubDate>
      <guid>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/hong-kong/</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[<p>&ldquo;Some outspoken teachers have lost their licenses.  Many others have received
warnings after being anonymously accused of saying the wrong thing.  Their
so-called crimes are often vague, which encourages those who want to avoid their
fate to attend to every possible aspect of their lives that might bring
disapproval.&rdquo;</p>
 (<a href="https://www.economist.com/interactive/essay/2022/07/01/how-hong-kong-became-a-police-state">An Anatomy of Erasure</a>, <cite>The Economist</cite>, July 1, 2022) <a href="https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/hong-kong/">&infin;</a>]]></description>
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    <item>
      <title></title>
      <link>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/rent-algorithms/</link>
      <pubDate>Sun, 06 Nov 2022 20:00:00 -0800</pubDate>
      <guid>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/rent-algorithms/</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[<p>&ldquo;[Leasing] agents sometimes hesitated to push rents higher.  Roper said they
were often peers of the people they were renting to.  &lsquo;We said there’s way too
much empathy going on here,&rsquo; he said.  &lsquo;This is one of the reasons we wanted to
get pricing off-site.'&rdquo;</p>
 (Heather Vogell, Haru Coryne, and Ryan Little, <a href="https://www.propublica.org/article/yieldstar-rent-increase-realpage-rent">Rent Going Up? One Company’s Algorithm Could Be Why.</a>, <cite>ProPublica</cite>, October 15, 2022) <a href="https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/rent-algorithms/">&infin;</a>]]></description>
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    <item>
      <title></title>
      <link>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/covid-vs-worrying/</link>
      <pubDate>Sat, 05 Nov 2022 20:00:00 -0700</pubDate>
      <guid>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/covid-vs-worrying/</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[<p>&ldquo;Whenever <abbr class="caps">COVID-19</abbr> cases doubled, climate-related tweets
dropped by about 5 percent.  The doubling of <abbr class="caps">COVID-19</abbr>
deaths saw climate tweeting decline by over 7 percent. &hellip; [A] big boost in
case counts could easily offset the arrival of a major hurricane.&rdquo;</p>
 (John Timmer, <a href="https://arstechnica.com/science/2022/10/another-casualty-of-the-pandemic-our-ability-to-worry-about-anything-else/">Another casualty of the pandemic: Our ability to worry about anything else</a>, <cite>Ars Technica</cite>, October 18, 2022) <a href="https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/covid-vs-worrying/">&infin;</a>]]></description>
    </item>
    
    <item>
      <title></title>
      <link>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/ai-language-learning/</link>
      <pubDate>Fri, 04 Nov 2022 20:00:00 -0700</pubDate>
      <guid>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/ai-language-learning/</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[<p>&ldquo;For years, many linguists have believed that learning language is impossible
without a built-in grammar template.  The new <abbr class="caps">AI</abbr> models
&hellip; demonstrate that the ability to produce grammatical language can be learned
from linguistic experience alone.&rdquo;</p>
 (Morten H. Christiansen and Pablo Contreras Kallens, <a href="https://theconversation.com/ai-is-changing-scientists-understanding-of-language-learning-and-raising-questions-about-an-innate-grammar-190594">AI is changing scientists’ understanding of language learning — and raising questions about an innate grammar</a>, <cite>The Conversation</cite>, October 19, 2022) <a href="https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/ai-language-learning/">&infin;</a>]]></description>
    </item>
    
    <item>
      <title></title>
      <link>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/plague-vs-autoimmunity/</link>
      <pubDate>Thu, 03 Nov 2022 20:00:00 -0700</pubDate>
      <guid>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/plague-vs-autoimmunity/</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[<p>&ldquo;[P]eople who were homozygous (had two copies) of this protective gene variant
involved in antigen presentation were 40 percent more likely to survive the
plague than those with two copies of a deleterious variant, which encodes a
broken protein.&rdquo;</p>
 (Beth Mole, <a href="https://arstechnica.com/science/2022/10/black-death-etched-a-mark-on-our-genetics-warping-immune-responses-study-finds/">Black Death etched a mark on our genetics, warping immune responses, study finds</a>, <cite>Ars Technica</cite>, October 19, 2022) <a href="https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/plague-vs-autoimmunity/">&infin;</a>]]></description>
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    <item>
      <title></title>
      <link>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/semafor/</link>
      <pubDate>Wed, 02 Nov 2022 20:00:00 -0700</pubDate>
      <guid>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/semafor/</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[<p>&ldquo;Semafor’s dinky plan to publish duller, subhead-laden versions of whatever you
can read in the <em>Times</em> or <em>Politico</em> is the sort of unserious half-measure that
would only sound good to the class of people who write checks for this kind of
thing.&rdquo;</p>
 (Laura Wagner, <a href="https://defector.com/semafor-is-the-problem/">Semafor is the Problem</a>, <cite>Defector</cite>, October 20, 2022) <a href="https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/semafor/">&infin;</a>]]></description>
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    <item>
      <title></title>
      <link>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/arming-ukraine/</link>
      <pubDate>Tue, 01 Nov 2022 20:00:00 -0700</pubDate>
      <guid>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/arming-ukraine/</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[<p>&ldquo;American and British military officials [helped] to hone the Ukrainians’
strategy.  &lsquo;We have algorithms and methodologies that are more sophisticated
when it comes to things like mapping out logistics and calculating munitions
rates,&rsquo; a senior official at the Defense Department said.  &lsquo;The idea was not to
tell them what to do but, rather, to give them different runs to test their
plans.'&rdquo;</p>
 (Joshua Yaffa, <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2022/10/24/inside-the-us-effort-to-arm-ukraine">Inside the U.S. Effort to Arm Ukraine</a>, <cite>The New Yorker</cite>, October 17, 2022) <a href="https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/arming-ukraine/">&infin;</a>]]></description>
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    <item>
      <title></title>
      <link>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/ordering-hacks/</link>
      <pubDate>Mon, 31 Oct 2022 20:00:00 -0700</pubDate>
      <guid>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/ordering-hacks/</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[<p>&ldquo;[T]hese hacks ultimately become a labor issue.  It would not be so taxing to
make a TikTok drink &hellip; if stores were well-staffed, if workers were paid a
living wage, if corporations weren’t intent on busting unions, and if customers
were patient and understanding when their desires just aren’t possible.&rdquo;</p>
 (Jaya Saxena, <a href="https://www.eater.com/23399320/secret-menu-order-hacks-starbucks-workers">Hacked to Bits</a>, <cite>Eater</cite>, October 12, 2022) <a href="https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/ordering-hacks/">&infin;</a>]]></description>
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    <item>
      <title></title>
      <link>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/dwarf-fortress-tutorial/</link>
      <pubDate>Sun, 30 Oct 2022 20:00:00 -0700</pubDate>
      <guid>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/dwarf-fortress-tutorial/</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[<p>&ldquo;[T]he developers are testing it on Annie, Zach Adams' wife.  After a failed
attempt with an earlier version, the latest tutorial took Annie far enough to
where she could ‘tunnel under a bog and drown her fortress.’  Presumably, that
is good.&rdquo;</p>
 (Kevin Purdy, <a href="https://arstechnica.com/gaming/2022/10/dwarf-fortress-the-most-inscrutable-game-of-two-decades-is-getting-a-tutorial/"><em>Dwarf Fortress</em>, the most inscrutable game of two decades, is getting a tutorial</a>, <cite>Ars Technica</cite>, October 14, 2022) <a href="https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/dwarf-fortress-tutorial/">&infin;</a>]]></description>
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    <item>
      <title></title>
      <link>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/well-modeled-rings/</link>
      <pubDate>Sat, 29 Oct 2022 20:00:00 -0700</pubDate>
      <guid>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/well-modeled-rings/</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[<p>&ldquo;If we assume there&rsquo;s a ring produced every orbit, the 17 present rings indicate
about 130 years of ring production.  Since they now extend out about a
light-year, we can infer that they&rsquo;re moving away from the binary stars at about
2,600 kilometers every second.&rdquo;</p>
 (John Timmer, <a href="https://arstechnica.com/science/2022/10/webb-catches-two-giant-stars-building-bizarre-concentric-rings/">Webb captures truly strange set of rings built by massive stars</a>, <cite>Ars Technica</cite>, October 12, 2022) <a href="https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/well-modeled-rings/">&infin;</a>]]></description>
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    <item>
      <title></title>
      <link>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/dart-asteroid-diversion/</link>
      <pubDate>Fri, 28 Oct 2022 20:00:00 -0700</pubDate>
      <guid>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/dart-asteroid-diversion/</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[<p>&ldquo;Before <abbr title="Double Asteroid Redirect Test" class="caps">DART</abbr>, Dimorphos’
orbit took 11 hours and 55 minutes; post-impact, it&rsquo;s down to 11 hours and 23
minutes. &hellip;
<abbr title="National Aeronautics and Space Administration" class="caps">NASA</abbr>
estimates that the orbit is now ‘tens of meters’ closer to Didymos.&rdquo;</p>
 (John Timmer, <a href="https://arstechnica.com/science/2022/10/dart-mission-successfully-shifted-its-targets-orbit/">DART mission successfully shifted its target’s orbit</a>, <cite>Ars Technica</cite>, October 11, 2022) <a href="https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/dart-asteroid-diversion/">&infin;</a>]]></description>
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    <item>
      <title></title>
      <link>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/wired-design/</link>
      <pubDate>Thu, 27 Oct 2022 20:00:00 -0700</pubDate>
      <guid>https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/wired-design/</guid>
      <description><![CDATA[<p>&ldquo;In this case, the outcome of the Wired.com redesign</p>
<ol>
<li>reduced the front-end markup size by over half (from
48<abbr class="caps">KB</abbr> down to 23<abbr class="caps">KB</abbr>)</li>
<li>dropped from 24 nested tables that controlled layout down to only 1 table that
appropriately rendered financial market data</li>
<li>dramatically improved accessibility of the site for users of assistive
technology.&rdquo;</li>
</ol>
 (Douglas Bowman, <a href="https://stopdesign.com/archive/2022/10/11/wired-com-20-years-later.html">Wired.com: 20 years later</a>, October 11, 2022) <a href="https://blurt.pile.org/commonplace/article/wired-design/">&infin;</a>]]></description>
    </item>
    
  </channel>
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